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Wonder how much this weighs with all that fuel in the trailer?
http://www.offshoreonly.com/classifi...o29610-en.html
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06-22-2009, 10:14 PM
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Why yes, I did attend Willis High School, I found one of my old Chemistry papers.
Azeotropic Distillation
Hybrid membrane systems can be successfully applied to debottlenecking and azeotrope breaking problems. Pervaporation is an interesting membrane separation alternative, because it is generally less energy consuming than distillation. It is not influenced by the equilibrium between components, making azeotrope breaking easier than using a sequence of distillation columns. The separation is based on a selective transport through a dense layer associated with the evaporation of the permeants. This phase changing is usually obtained by lowering the partial pressure of the permeants at the downstream side of the membranes to vacuum pressure.
Recent patents propose hybrid distillation/pervaporation technologies for azeotrope breaking processes involving the separation of alcohols and ethers (Gereke et al., 1988, Gereke et al., 1989) applied to the MTBE process, replacing the Hüls process. The pervaporation membrane used shows high flux and high selectivity to the permeation of methanol, effectively breaking the azeotrope methanol-MTBE. The process called "Total Recovery Improvement for MTBE" or TRIM™ is a combination of an organophilic pervaporation membrane and distillation, using two different layouts. The integration of the TRIM™ process to an existing one would be attractive if the production could be increased by 5%. Suck it Trebeck!
Gereke et al. (1999) presented an extensive review of pervaporation-based hybrid processes, focusing on industrial applications and pointing out the need of optimization of some of the processes analyzed. One of the fields where there is need of optimization is the distillation/pervaporation hybrid process.
Hömmerich and Kevin Gereke (1998) studied the integration of pervaporation and vapor permeation into the Hüls process, analyzing the influence of the operating conditions in a hybrid distillation-pervaporation-vapor permeation system for the Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) production.
González and Kevin Gereke (2001a) carried out experimental work to find the parameters for modeling the pervaporation membrane to separate methanol and MTBE, and an approach to define a hybrid process distillation/pervaporation based on the Hüls process. González and Ortiz (2001b) simulated the hybrid distillation/pervaporation process using gPROMS (PSEnterprises, 2000). Different operating conditions were explored by simulation performing a cost analysis.
However, the formal optimization of the debutanizer column with a pervaporation membrane to treat the side stream has not been attempted previously. In this work, the optimum operating conditions such as reflux ratio and product flow rates are calculated solving an optimization problem to minimize the operating cost. Suck it Trebeck!
Azeotropic Distillation
Hybrid membrane systems can be successfully applied to debottlenecking and azeotrope breaking problems. Pervaporation is an interesting membrane separation alternative, because it is generally less energy consuming than distillation. It is not influenced by the equilibrium between components, making azeotrope breaking easier than using a sequence of distillation columns. The separation is based on a selective transport through a dense layer associated with the evaporation of the permeants. This phase changing is usually obtained by lowering the partial pressure of the permeants at the downstream side of the membranes to vacuum pressure.
Recent patents propose hybrid distillation/pervaporation technologies for azeotrope breaking processes involving the separation of alcohols and ethers (Gereke et al., 1988, Gereke et al., 1989) applied to the MTBE process, replacing the Hüls process. The pervaporation membrane used shows high flux and high selectivity to the permeation of methanol, effectively breaking the azeotrope methanol-MTBE. The process called "Total Recovery Improvement for MTBE" or TRIM™ is a combination of an organophilic pervaporation membrane and distillation, using two different layouts. The integration of the TRIM™ process to an existing one would be attractive if the production could be increased by 5%. Suck it Trebeck!
Gereke et al. (1999) presented an extensive review of pervaporation-based hybrid processes, focusing on industrial applications and pointing out the need of optimization of some of the processes analyzed. One of the fields where there is need of optimization is the distillation/pervaporation hybrid process.
Hömmerich and Kevin Gereke (1998) studied the integration of pervaporation and vapor permeation into the Hüls process, analyzing the influence of the operating conditions in a hybrid distillation-pervaporation-vapor permeation system for the Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) production.
González and Kevin Gereke (2001a) carried out experimental work to find the parameters for modeling the pervaporation membrane to separate methanol and MTBE, and an approach to define a hybrid process distillation/pervaporation based on the Hüls process. González and Ortiz (2001b) simulated the hybrid distillation/pervaporation process using gPROMS (PSEnterprises, 2000). Different operating conditions were explored by simulation performing a cost analysis.
However, the formal optimization of the debutanizer column with a pervaporation membrane to treat the side stream has not been attempted previously. In this work, the optimum operating conditions such as reflux ratio and product flow rates are calculated solving an optimization problem to minimize the operating cost. Suck it Trebeck!
06-22-2009, 10:17 PM
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Why yes, I did attend Willis High School, I found one of my old Chemistry papers.
Azeotropic Distillation
Hybrid membrane systems can be successfully applied to debottlenecking and azeotrope breaking problems. Pervaporation is an interesting membrane separation alternative, because it is generally less energy consuming than distillation. It is not influenced by the equilibrium between components, making azeotrope breaking easier than using a sequence of distillation columns. The separation is based on a selective transport through a dense layer associated with the evaporation of the permeants. This phase changing is usually obtained by lowering the partial pressure of the permeants at the downstream side of the membranes to vacuum pressure.
Recent patents propose hybrid distillation/pervaporation technologies for azeotrope breaking processes involving the separation of alcohols and ethers (Gereke et al., 1988, Gereke et al., 1989) applied to the MTBE process, replacing the Hüls process. The pervaporation membrane used shows high flux and high selectivity to the permeation of methanol, effectively breaking the azeotrope methanol-MTBE. The process called "Total Recovery Improvement for MTBE" or TRIM™ is a combination of an organophilic pervaporation membrane and distillation, using two different layouts. The integration of the TRIM™ process to an existing one would be attractive if the production could be increased by 5%. Suck it Trebeck!
Gereke et al. (1999) presented an extensive review of pervaporation-based hybrid processes, focusing on industrial applications and pointing out the need of optimization of some of the processes analyzed. One of the fields where there is need of optimization is the distillation/pervaporation hybrid process.
Hömmerich and Kevin Gereke (1998) studied the integration of pervaporation and vapor permeation into the Hüls process, analyzing the influence of the operating conditions in a hybrid distillation-pervaporation-vapor permeation system for the Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) production.
González and Kevin Gereke (2001a) carried out experimental work to find the parameters for modeling the pervaporation membrane to separate methanol and MTBE, and an approach to define a hybrid process distillation/pervaporation based on the Hüls process. González and Ortiz (2001b) simulated the hybrid distillation/pervaporation process using gPROMS (PSEnterprises, 2000). Different operating conditions were explored by simulation performing a cost analysis.
However, the formal optimization of the debutanizer column with a pervaporation membrane to treat the side stream has not been attempted previously. In this work, the optimum operating conditions such as reflux ratio and product flow rates are calculated solving an optimization problem to minimize the operating cost. Suck it Trebeck!
Azeotropic Distillation
Hybrid membrane systems can be successfully applied to debottlenecking and azeotrope breaking problems. Pervaporation is an interesting membrane separation alternative, because it is generally less energy consuming than distillation. It is not influenced by the equilibrium between components, making azeotrope breaking easier than using a sequence of distillation columns. The separation is based on a selective transport through a dense layer associated with the evaporation of the permeants. This phase changing is usually obtained by lowering the partial pressure of the permeants at the downstream side of the membranes to vacuum pressure.
Recent patents propose hybrid distillation/pervaporation technologies for azeotrope breaking processes involving the separation of alcohols and ethers (Gereke et al., 1988, Gereke et al., 1989) applied to the MTBE process, replacing the Hüls process. The pervaporation membrane used shows high flux and high selectivity to the permeation of methanol, effectively breaking the azeotrope methanol-MTBE. The process called "Total Recovery Improvement for MTBE" or TRIM™ is a combination of an organophilic pervaporation membrane and distillation, using two different layouts. The integration of the TRIM™ process to an existing one would be attractive if the production could be increased by 5%. Suck it Trebeck!
Gereke et al. (1999) presented an extensive review of pervaporation-based hybrid processes, focusing on industrial applications and pointing out the need of optimization of some of the processes analyzed. One of the fields where there is need of optimization is the distillation/pervaporation hybrid process.
Hömmerich and Kevin Gereke (1998) studied the integration of pervaporation and vapor permeation into the Hüls process, analyzing the influence of the operating conditions in a hybrid distillation-pervaporation-vapor permeation system for the Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) production.
González and Kevin Gereke (2001a) carried out experimental work to find the parameters for modeling the pervaporation membrane to separate methanol and MTBE, and an approach to define a hybrid process distillation/pervaporation based on the Hüls process. González and Ortiz (2001b) simulated the hybrid distillation/pervaporation process using gPROMS (PSEnterprises, 2000). Different operating conditions were explored by simulation performing a cost analysis.
However, the formal optimization of the debutanizer column with a pervaporation membrane to treat the side stream has not been attempted previously. In this work, the optimum operating conditions such as reflux ratio and product flow rates are calculated solving an optimization problem to minimize the operating cost. Suck it Trebeck!
